In criminal law, who brings the action against the alleged offender?

In criminal law, the action against the alleged offender is brought by the State or the Police. This is because criminal cases are considered offenses against society as a whole, rather than just a private dispute between individuals. The government represents the public interest in prosecuting crimes, which is why the State, often through a prosecutor, initiates the case.

While the plaintiff is involved in civil cases, where an individual or entity sues another for damages or relief, in criminal matters, the defendant is the person accused of the crime, and the accused individual is simply another term for the defendant. However, it is the governmental authority that has the responsibility to enforce the law and pursue prosecution in criminal cases. Thus, the correct answer highlights the role of the State or relevant authorities in upholding law and order by taking legal action against those suspected of committing crimes.