Informed consent must be granted by whom?

Informed consent must be granted by a person who is of sound mind because this individual has the ability to understand the implications of the medical procedures or treatments being proposed. This includes comprehending the nature of the treatment, the risks and benefits involved, and any alternatives available. It is essential that the person providing consent is mentally competent to make such decisions; otherwise, the validity of the consent may be questioned.

Informed consent must be obtained from individuals who are not only able to make informed decisions but also capable of appreciating the consequences of those decisions. This ensures that the autonomy and rights of the patient are respected. While minors or individuals legally deemed incapable might require consent from a guardian or family member, these individuals are not able to consent for themselves.

The involvement of a medical professional in the consent process is not for granting consent but rather for providing the necessary information to the patient to make an informed decision. Thus, the correct answer is based on the fundamental principle of respecting patient autonomy through informed consent from those who are able to understand and voluntarily agree to the proposed medical intervention.