What does the term 'pharmacogenomics' refer to?

Pharmacogenomics refers to the study of how an individual's genetic makeup influences their response to medications. This field aims to understand the relationship between a person's genetic variations and their reactions to drugs, which can affect efficacy and the likelihood of side effects. By analyzing genetic factors, healthcare providers can tailor medication choices and dosages to optimize treatment and minimize adverse effects. This approach enhances personalized medicine, allowing for more effective and safer therapeutic strategies for patients based on their unique genetic profiles.

While the other options describe relevant aspects of pharmacology and medication use, they do not accurately define pharmacogenomics. The study of drug effects on populations leans more toward pharmacodynamics and epidemiology, the use of medications in chronic diseases focuses on treatment strategies rather than genetic factors, and the creation of genetically modified drugs pertains more to biotechnology than the genetic influence on existing drugs.