What is a major consideration of utilitarianism in ethical decision-making?

Utilitarianism is a consequentialist ethical theory that emphasizes the outcomes or consequences of actions. In ethical decision-making, a major consideration of utilitarianism is the evaluation of actions based on their ability to produce the greatest good for the greatest number of people. This often involves conducting a cost/benefit analysis to determine which actions will maximize overall happiness or well-being.

The focus on achieving the greatest good means weighing the positive outcomes against potential negative consequences, guiding decisions toward options that will benefit the largest number of individuals. This principle aligns closely with societal benefits, as it encourages choices that promote collective welfare rather than individual advantage.

The other choices do not capture the essence of utilitarian thought. Options that prioritize the rights of the few over the many, or that emphasize strict adherence to rules, diverge from the utilitarian commitment to achieving the best overall outcome based on the collective impact of decisions. Thus, the emphasis on cost/benefit analysis and the pursuit of the greater good are central to utilitarianism, making it the correct choice in this context.