What is the significance of individual rights in rights-based ethics?

Individual rights hold a fundamental position in rights-based ethics, primarily because they are considered inherent entitlements that every individual possesses simply by being human. This perspective emphasizes the importance of respecting and protecting personal rights, including the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. The validity of these rights does not depend on social context, cultural norms, or individual behavior; instead, they are viewed as universal and inalienable.

This foundational principle is crucial because it establishes a moral framework within which individuals can claim their rights without fear of being overridden or neglected by the collective interests of society. This understanding helps to safeguard against abuses of power and discrimination, ensuring that everyone is treated with dignity and respect. In contrast, other options suggest a different interpretation of rights, implying that they can be compromised or negotiated, which fundamentally contradicts the essence of rights-based ethics.