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In a contractual context, an 'agent' refers to someone who acts on behalf of another individual or entity, known as the principal. This relationship is fundamental in agency law, where the agent is authorized to perform certain tasks or make decisions that bind the principal. The agent operates under the authority granted to them and is expected to act in the best interests of the principal.
For instance, in a business setting, an agent might negotiate contracts or make purchases on behalf of a company. This role necessitates a trust-based relationship, as the actions taken by the agent directly affect the principal's legal obligations and rights.
The other options do not align with this definition. An independent person, for example, does not operate under someone else's authority. A third-party contractor typically engages in a separate contractual relationship without the agency aspect. Similarly, a judge does not represent parties in a contract but instead serves to adjudicate disputes impartially. Overall, option B accurately captures the essence of what constitutes an agent within a contractual framework.