Which of the following is an exception to the duty of confidentiality?

The exception to the duty of confidentiality in this context is reporting suspected child abuse. In healthcare, practitioners are legally and ethically bound to protect patient information; however, this duty is sometimes overridden by the need to protect vulnerable individuals, such as children, from harm. When a healthcare provider suspects that a child is being abused, they are often mandated by law to report this suspicion to the appropriate authorities, such as child protective services or law enforcement. This legal obligation serves to prioritize the safety and welfare of the child above the confidentiality of the patient information.

In contrast, providing care without informing the patient does not qualify as an exception to confidentiality; it undermines the trust that is essential in the patient-provider relationship. Disclosing patient information to the media also violates confidentiality rights unless express consent is given. Having conversations with friends about patients breaches confidentiality as well, as it can lead to unauthorized sharing of private information. Thus, reporting suspected child abuse is indeed a critical exception that prioritizes the well-being of individuals who may be in danger.